MAHATMA GANDHI Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1896 in Porbander, state of Gujarat, Western India. He was an only child of Karamchand Gandhi and Putlibai. When he was thirteen years old, his parents arranged a marriage with an Indian girl named Kasturba, who was also from Porbander. After he took his examinations in high school, Gandhi left for London, England to study law. He was called to the bar on June 10, 1891 and was immediately enrolled in the High Court. He sailed back to India on June 12, 1891. While practicing law in Rajkot, India, he was offered to work for the law firm of Dada, Abdulla and Co. in South Africa. He left Bombay for South Africa on April 1983. His stay in South Africa opened his eyes to the reality that Indians were discriminated in Africa. While in India, he met with fellow Indians and they talked about social injustices. In 1986, he went back home to bring his wife Kasturba and children to Durban, South Africa. After almost six years in South Africa, he and his family went back to Bombay where he started his practice as a lawyer. On August 1906, a statue was issued by the Transvaal Government requiring all Indian men, women and children to register and obtain a personal certificate bearing their name and thumb impressions. Individuals caught without a certificate would be fined or imprisoned. An order for the police to enter private houses to check certificates was also imposed. This enraged the people, and because of this, Gandhi saw the need for the people to practice passive resistance or "satyagraha." He explained that this was an observance of nonviolence and nonresistance in the face of violence, arrest, and aggression. As a symbol of their nonviolent stance, they lit a bonfire and burned more than two thousand certificates. This signaled the start of a long, nonviolent resistance against colonial power. |
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